History of Movie Essay

Jon Lewis claimed that the new movies that were being written and produced marked a period of time where it was the â€Å"end of the cinema as we know it. † This could be argued either way by anyone who has both watched some of the classic movies of the past and viewed the new movies of today. There are many reasons to believe that modern movies are just as great as the movies form the past. The modern movies do have some differences that are present in that there are better affects, better overall research, but still the same magical qualities and wonderful imagination that went into films of the past. Therefore it will be argued that it is not the end of the cinema as we know it. By looking at movies from the past, middle time periods and more recent times it can easily be argued that many movies of these time periods put together great plot lines, memorable characters and wonderful lasting interest among those who have watched them. In 1942 Casablanca was released. This movie introduced the world to some of the most memorable characters in film history. It was a true love story that enveloped the viewer and allowed them to feel close to characters like Rhett Butler and Scarlet O’Hara. This movie also gave the viewer a hope that love could prevail above all else. In an argument about how there are still movies made that have these same values, a great story plot line that whisks the viewer into another world and a cast of unforgettable characters one could look at the movies ET and Mullholland Drive. ET was released in 1982 and again introduced the viewer to ET and the wonderful family that allowed him to be at home in their home. The movie brought hope to many that all people could be accepted and that no matter how different one was there was a way for them to be able to gain such acceptance. Mullholland Drive also used some of these same key factors although it was released years later in 2001. This movie’s plot was a bit difference and rather than giving hope about a life that could possibly happen it instilled some fear in people about what could possibly happen if luck were to strike one the other way. However the movie was a great a film that incorporated many different aspects of film technique and it also left a memory in the mind of the viewer as David Lynch (the film’s producer) was able to portray such a real portrayal of life. When looking through movies that are from the different time periods of the American cinema it is easy to see that the times and what is going on really do affect the movies that are popularized and remembered as being part of the time period. These movies depict both current things that are happening as well as looking at the historical events. In 1949 The Sands of Iwo Jima was released and quickly became a popular hit and movie and yet is another movie that has continued to be viewed by audiences over the past six decades. This movie was a portrayal of a group of U. S. Marines that were in a battle in World War II. In light of the times the movie was a portrayal of a part of the world that was unknown to many of the people who were living in the United States. Some more modern movies, although maybe a bit more far fetched, have also looked at the times and what is going on and have drawn their conclusions from these themes. One of these movies was 1999’s The Matrix. This movie was released during one of the largest technological booms that the country has seen. This movie portrayed aspects of the new forms of technology and what could happen if the world continued to grow technologically more advanced. Another movie that looked at problems associated with modern times was Sin City which was released in 2005. This movie looked at the world of crime and organized crime as it has been able to advance in more modern times. Another way that the cinema has been upheld is through the ways that values and beliefs have been portrayed through the movies of the time. Obviously through modernization there have been changes in the way that beliefs have been looked at but through the cinema these beliefs have been marked for all future generations in great pic time pieces that look at the things that are involved. This topic of values, although still portrayed in films has changed greatly. In 1959 Ben Hur was released and it promoted the standard values and beliefs of Christianity and the morals that are portrayed in The Bible. This movie was portrayed in this way as the majority of the country upheld these same beliefs and values. In the 1970’s the morals of the Untied States were changing drastically. By looking at films and the portrayal of interest in organized crime and more cynical events, as evidenced in 1972’s The Godfather, one can see that although the morality and the values of the country were still being upheld they were changing and the films were changing to meet the demands and interests of the people at the time. Much later in 1994’s Pulp Fiction, there was still this profound interest in crime and the ways that organized crime has been ran only there were much less morals in the overall themes than there had been previously in film. This is due in part to the continued evolution of change in the morality of the citizens of the United States. There have also been monumental portrayals of creativity and imagination in the movies that have been portrayed throughout the times. There have been different types of creativity and imagination has evolved but these features have given the viewer a place to escape to and somewhere that they would like to travel by watching the films over and over again. In 1965’s The Sound of Music, one is led into a world where a wonderful nanny moves in with some rather obnoxious children and learns how to befriend and be able to do her job through the magic of music. This movie whisked the viewer away to another place and led the viewer to hope that he/she was able to have that same type of sing-song wonderful life. In 1999’s The Blair Witch Project a group of college students decided to get creative and make a movie that would end up making them millions. This movie did focus a bit on the mythical belief that there could be modern day witches or members of the occult in the world around the viewer. The film was creatively filmed in a manner that led the viewer to believe that it was a work of non-fictional filming and that the events that were happen on camera were really happening to the actors. Another great portrayal of creativity has been in The Polar Express, released 2004. This film was the cinematic portrayal of a classic children’s book that was meant to show the viewer the wonder and mystery of Christmas and Santa Claus. All of these films used creative elements and things that the viewers could appreciate and that would add a little bit of mystery and fun to the viewers’ lives. In conclusion cinema has changed and evolved over the years. Although there is no way to say that cinema has ended as it was once known. Films are still portraying the same types of things as they have in the past. There are the films that are portraying a story line and are meant to whisk the viewer away, films that are looking at historical events and evolvement, films that are looking at the values and morals of the time period in which they are created, and films that are used purely to induce imagination and creativity. It is absurd to think that there was not supposed to be any type of evolvement in the world of film however it is also absurd to think that this has to be a negative thing and that it has to end the world of cinema or film as it was previously known. Therefore it is logical to disagree with Jon Lewis’ thoughts on the world of cinema changing in a negative way.

Problems Facing Human Services Clients Essay

Human service professionals have a very rewarding career. They are given the opportunity in more ways than one to provide help to those who are in need of it. While this profession can be rewarding, unfortunately, this area of expertise can be emotionally exhausting because of the many problems that the human service clients face and the lack of resources that are available to them. These problems include, but are not limited to, economic inequality, poverty, child welfare as well as social problems. While these problems are evident daily, human service professionals are trained to notice the oppression and social injustice and to develop solutions to the problems so they will not continue to persist in the future (France, 2005). For example, human service professionals are more aware of the common denominator or factor that is present among a family living in poverty, an incarcerated individual and a person living with a disability. The single factor that is common from this example would be a lack of resources due to their social identities. While it is the goal of human service professionals to promote social equality for all, unfortunately, living in today’s society, this is simply not the case. Many of the human service clients face many injustices because they fall into a certain category, and that category can be classified as the impoverished, which is an example of an economic equality (France, 2005). This is a major problem that human service clients face in the United States. They are often looked down upon by certain people because of a wealth disparity; however, many human service professionals know that not treating the clients with respect and judging them will only add to the problem and take away from the  solution. Poverty and child welfare are two problems that are in connection with one another. Many children who are in foster care come from low-income households, and because they are so young, unfortunately, they do not have a voice and depend on case managers or human service professionals to be their voice and stand up for fair treatment and equality for them (Woodside, 2011). It is imperative that human service professionals stand up for children of all ages because oftentimes they are overlooked. Poverty is another major factor that is a problem that many human service clients face. Not having the financial means to take care of necessities in the life is a crippling barrier. While money is not the answer to all problems in life, however, it is needed in order to live a comfortable lifestyle and to take care of daily needs (Woodside, 2011). Social problems are also yet another problem that has caused some human service clients to feel separated or stand out from society. Such social problems include drug and alcohol abuse, discrimination, teenage pregnancy and crime. Specific Helping Skills It is very important that human service providers utilize specific helping skills with their clients. By incorporating certain helping skills, the clients will be at ease thereby allowing the human service professionals to gain the client’s trust as well as their cooperation (Neukrug, 2001). Clients need to feel that the human service providers are genuinely concerned about their well-being and welfare. In order for the clients to be transparent to the human service providers, it is pertinent that each client is treated with respect and compassion is displayed at all times. The specific helping skills that should be used with the clients include good communication skills as well as interpersonal skills. Having great communication between the client and the human service manager is critical because it allows the human service specialist to be effective in providing help to the clients (Neukrug, 2001). Having effective communication skills also allows the case manager to reach out to the clients and, as a result, the case manager can get a clear understanding of the problem pertaining to the client and the proper solution. Interpersonal skills are also important when interacting with clients because it allows the human service professional to connect with the clients in a way that will allow the client to feel comfortable and willing to cooperate with the human service  professional. Solutions to the Problems Once the human service professional accesses the situation concerning the client and identify the problem or problems, then a solution can be created. Since each individual client is unique and different in certain ways, therefore, it can be determined that the solution will be different as well (Rotham, 1997). Depending on the individual person and the circumstance, the case manager will develop a solution that entails resources which will help that person in the best way possible. Each client and the circumstance is viewed on a case-by-case basis, meaning that each person is analyzed separately and depending on the client’s family and social history, as well as problems, will help the case manager to determine a solution that best meets that client’s needs. It can be determined that social problems will always be present and will not completely disappear. However, the goal of the human service providers is to help implement ways in which the problems will be reduced. Usually, this implementation will incorporate the government because of numerous programs which are funded by the government or the tax payer’s dollars. Such programs consist of the Fatherhood Program which assists noncustodial fathers with employment opportunities, WIC, also called the Women’s Infant Children program that gives low-income families access to healthy foods thus promoting healthy eating and lifestyles, and the Snap program, also called food stamps that enable low-income families to purchase groceries (Rotham, 1997). There are also other programs or organizations such as shelters or transitional homes in which the human service professional will connect people who are in need of these services. Human service professionals play a very important role in society because they help to bring about a positive change with the clients with whom they come in contact. Many people, before becoming clients, felt helpless and did not know who they can turn to because of the lack of trust. This is why it is crucial for human service professionals to display respect and courtesy at all times because it allows the case managers to gain the clients’ trust that is needed in order to really help them. In a sense, human service professionals are everyday heroes because they help to bring about a positive change one client at a  time. Sources France, Kenneth (2005). Helping Skills for Human Service Workers. New York, NY: Thomas Neukrug, Ed (2001). Skills and Techniques for Human Service Professionals. Retrieved from www.books.google.com Rotham, Jack (1997). Case Management. New York, NY: Pearson Woodside, Marianne. (2011). An Introduction to Human Services.Retreived from www.books.google.com

Night World : Huntress Chapter 8

I can't lose this fight. Suddenly that was the only thought in Jez's mind. She couldn't afford to be hurt or scared-or stupid. There was too much riding on it. And since Morgead had the advantages of telepathy and strength on her at the moment, she was going to have to come up with some clever way to beat him. It only took a moment to come up with a plan. And then Jez was carrying it out, every ounce of her concentration focused on tricking him. She stopped backing up and took a step sideways, deliberately putting herself in a position where she could make only a clumsy block. Then she gave him an opening, holding her stick awkwardly, its tip toward him but drooping too far down. You see-it's my elbow, she thought to him, knowing he couldn't hear her, but willing him to take the bait. My elbow hurts too much; I'm distracted; the stick is no longer an extension of me. My right side is unprotected. She was as good at it as any mother bird who pretends to have a broken wing to lure a predator away from her nest. And she could see the flash of triumph in Morgead's eyes. That's it; don't waste time injuring me anymore †¦ come in for the kill. He was doing it. He'd stopped trying to get her into a corner. With his handsome face intent, his eyes narrowed in concentration, he was maneuvering for a single decisive strike; a takedown to end the combat. But as he raised his fighting stick to make it, Jez pulled her own stick back as if she were afraid to block, afraid of the jarring contact. This was the moment. If he caught on now, if he realized why she was positioning her stick this way, he'd never make the move she wanted him to. He'd go back to disarming her. I'm too hurt to block properly; my arm's too weak to raise, she thought, letting her shoulders droop and her body sway tiredly. It wasn't hard to pretend. The pain in various parts of her body was real enough, and if she let herself feel it, it was very nearly disabling. Morgead fell for it. He made the strike she wanted; straight down. At that instant Jez slid her leading foot back, shifting just out of range. His stick whistled by her nose-missing. And then, before he could raise it again, while he was unguarded, Jez lunged. She put all the power of her body behind it, all her strength, slipping in between Morgead's arms and driving the stick to his midsection. The air in his lungs exploded out in a harsh gasp and he doubled over. Jez didn't hesitate. She had to finish him instantly, because in a second he would be fully recovered. By the time he was completely bent over she was already whipping her stick out and around to strike him behind the knee. Again, she put her whole weight behind the blow, following through to scoop him onto his back. Morgead landed with a thud. Before he could move, Jez snap-kicked hard, catching his wrist and knocking his stick away. It clattered across the floor, oak on oak. Then she held the pointed end of her own stick to his throat â€Å"Yield or die,† she said breathlessly, and smiled. Morgead glared up at her. He was even more breathless than she was, but there was nothing like surrender in those green eyes. He was mad. â€Å"You tricked me!† â€Å"All's fair.† He just looked at her balefully from under the disordered hair that fell across his forehead. He was sprawled flat, long legs stretched out, arms flung to either side, with the tip of the snakewood fighting stick resting snugly in the pale hollow of his throat. He was completely at her mercy-or at least that was how it seemed. Jez knew him better. She knew that he never gave up, and that when he wasn't too mad to think, he was as smart as she was. And as sneaky. Right now the helpless act was about as sincere as her wounded bird routine. So she was ready when he threw another blast of Power at her. She saw his pupils dilate like a cat's about to pounce, and she braced herself, shifting the stick minutely to push into his collarbone as she leaned forward. The energy smashed into her. She could almost see it now, with the sixth sense that was part of her vampire heritage. It was like the downrush of a nuclear cloud, the part that went flowing along the ground, destroying everything in its path, spreading in a circle from the point of impact. It seemed to be faintly green, the color of Morgead's eyes. And it packed quite a punch. Jez gritted her teeth and hung on to the fighting stick, keeping it in place, letting the Power wash through her. It blew her hair back to stream in a hot wind and it seemed to last forever. But finally it was over, and she was tingling with pain, with a metallic feeling in her teeth. And Morgead was still trapped. He hissed at her, an amazingly reptilian sound. â€Å"Got anything else?† Jez said, grinning down at him with narrowed eyes. Every bruise on her body hurt afresh in the aftermath of the blast-but she wasn't going to let him see that. â€Å"No? I didn't think so.† Morgead's upper lip lifted. â€Å"Drop dead, Jezebel.† Nobody was allowed to use her full name. â€Å"You first, Morgy,† she suggested, and leaned harder on the stick. The green eyes were beautifully luminous now, with sheer anger and hatred. â€Å"So kill me,† he said nastily. â€Å"Morgead-â€Å" â€Å"It's the only way you're going to win. Otherwise I'm just going to lie here and wait to recharge. And when I've got enough Power I'll hit you again.† â€Å"You never know when it's over, do you?† ‘It's never over.† Jez bit down on a rush of fury and exasperation. ‘I didn't want to have to do this,† she snarled, â€Å"but I will.† She didn't kill him. Instead, she hurt him. She grabbed his wrist and locked it, with her hand holding his and her stick on top of his wrist. She could use leverage here to cause severe pain- or to break the bone. â€Å"Give up, Morgead.† â€Å"Bite me.† â€Å"I'm going to break your wrist.† ‘Tine. I hope you enjoy it.† He kept glaring. Like a little kid threatening to play on the freeway, Jez thought, and suddenly, inexplicably she was almost overcome by laughter. She choked it back. She didn't want to break his wrist. But she knew she had to. And she had to do it soon, before he regenerated enough Power to hit her again. She couldn't take another of those blasts. â€Å"Morgead, give!† She put enough pressure on his wrist that it really hurt. He gave her the evil eye through dark lashes. â€Å"You're so stubborn!† Jez put on more pressure. She could tell it was hurting him. It was hurting her to keep the steady pressure up. Shooting stars of pain were zinging in her elbow. Jez's heart was beating hard and her muscles were beginning to tremble with fatigue. This was much more difficult for both of them than a clean break would have been. And he was a vampire- his wrist would heal in a few days. She wouldn't be injuring him permanently. I have to do it, she told herself. She tensed her muscles- And Morgead took a little quick breath, an indrawn hiss of pain. For just an instant his green eyes lost their gemlike clarity, unfocusing a bit as he winced. Jez let go of his wrist and collapsed to sit beside him, breathing hard. You are so stupid, her mind told her. She shook her hair out and shut her eyes, trying to deal with the fury. Beside her, Morgead sat up. â€Å"What are you doing?† â€Å"I don't know!† Jez snarled without opening her eyes. Being weak and idiotic, she answered herself. She didn't even know why she couldn't go through with it. She killed vampires-and less obnoxious ones than Morgead-all the time. â€Å"I didn't yield,† Morgead said. His voice was flat and dangerous. â€Å"So it's not over.† ‘Tine, blast me.† Tm going to.† â€Å"So do it.† â€Å"What, you like it so much?† Jez snapped. She grabbed her stick off the ground and turned to look at him for the first time since she'd sat down. â€Å"Yeah, I love it, Morgead! I'm crazy about pain! So do it, and then I'm going to hit you over your thick head so hard you won't wake up until next week!† She might have said more, but the look in his eyes stopped her. He was staring at her intently, not simply belligerently as she'd imagined. His green eyes were narrow and searching. â€Å"You're just crazy period,† he said, sitting back, his gaze still probing. In a different tone he said softly, â€Å"So why didn't you do it?† Jez lifted her shoulders and dropped them. There was a pit of anger and misery in her stomach. ‘I suppose because then I'd have to break every bone in your body, you jerk. You'd never give up, not with that new power you've got.† â€Å"I could teach it to you. The others aren't strong enough to learn it, but you are.† That forced a short laugh out of Jez. â€Å"Yeah, right.† She shut her eyes briefly, wondering what Morgead would say if she were to tell him why she could never learn it. He'd squash me like a bug, she thought, and laughed again. â€Å"You laugh weird, Jez.† â€Å"I have a twisted sense of humor.† She looked at him, blinking wetness out of her lashes. Where had that come from? There must be something in her eye. â€Å"So. Want to start this fight again?† He was staring at her hand gripping the snakewood stick. Jez tried to keep that hand steady, but she could feel the fine tremors in the muscles. She took a deep breath and clenched her teeth, making her gaze challenging. I can fight again. I can do it because I have to, and this time I won't let any stupid sympathy get in the way of beating him. I have to win. Everything depends on it. Morgead looked back at her face. â€Å"No,† he said abruptly. â€Å"We don't have to do it again. I yield.† Jez bunked in shock. It was the last thing she'd expected. Morgead's expression was cold and unreadable. Jez got mad. â€Å"Why?† she blazed at him. â€Å"Because I'm tired? Because you don't think I can take you?† She whipped the stick up, ready to split his stupid skull. â€Å"Because you're crazy!† Morgead yelled. â€Å"And because-† He stopped dead, looked furious. Then he said curtly, â€Å"Because you won fair the first time.† Jez stared at him. Slowly she lowered the stick. Morgead's expression was still distinctly unfriendly. But he'd just made an almost unbelievable admission. â€Å"You just don't want me to whop you anymore,† she said. He gave her a sideways look that would kill pigeons in midair. Jez let out her breath. Her heart was just beginning to settle down and relief was spreading through her. I did it I really did it. I'm not going to die today. â€Å"So it's over,† she said. â€Å"I'm back in.† â€Å"You're leader,† Morgead said sourly. â€Å"Enjoy it, because I'm going to be right behind you every step, just waiting for my chance.† â€Å"I wouldn't expect anything else,† Jez said. Then she blinked. â€Å"What are you doing?† â€Å"What do you think?† His face set, his eyes on the far wall, Morgead was tugging his shirt away from his neck, and leaning his head back. â€Å"I have no idea-† Then Jez realized. She went cold to the tips of her fingers. I didn't think. I should have remembered, but I didn't, and I didn't plan for this†¦. â€Å"Blood in, blood out,† Morgead said shortly. Why didn't I remember? Panic was stirring inside Jez. She couldn't see any way to get out of it. For human gangs â€Å"blood in, blood out† meant you got beat up when you were jumped in, and you didn't leave until you were dead. But for vampire gangs†¦ I can't bite him. The most frightening thing was that something inside her wanted to do it. Her entire skin was tingling, and it suddenly seemed as if it was only yesterday that she'd had her last blood meal. She could remember exactly how it felt, sinking her teeth into smooth skin, piercing it easily, feeling the warm flow start. And Morgead's blood would be dark and sweet and powerful. Vampire blood wasn't life-sustaining like human blood, but it was rich with the hidden promise of the Night World. And Morgead was one of the strongest vampires she'd ever met. His blood would be full of the mastery of that new attack, full of raw, vital young energy. But I don't drink blood. I'm not a vampire! Not anymore. Jez was trembling in shock. In the entire year since she'd stopped drinking blood, she'd never been so tempted. She had no idea why it had come on like this now, but it was almost out of her control. She pressed her tongue against one sharpening canine, trying to restrain it, trying to get some relief from the stress. Her upper and lower jaws were aching fiercely. I can't. It's unthinkable. If I do it once, I'll never be able to stop. I'll become-what I was back then. I'll be lost I can't-but I have to. I need to get back in the gang. Morgead was staring at her. â€Å"Now what's wrong with you?† â€Å"I. . .† Jez was dizzy with fear and longing and the sense of danger. She couldn't see any way out†¦. And then she saw it. â€Å"Here,† she said, unbuttoning the collar of her shirt. â€Å"You bite me.† â€Å"What?† ‘It satisfies the requirement. Blood has to be spilled. And it's the leader who does it† ‘You're the leader, idiot.† â€Å"Not until I'm back in the gang. And I'm not back in the gang until blood is spilled.† He was staring at her, his eyes hard and demanding and not amused at all. â€Å"Jez†¦ that's ridiculous. Why?† He was too smart. She didn't dare let him keep thinking about it. â€Å"Because I think it's the proper procedure. And because-I overfed last night. I don't want anymore.† She stared straight into his eyes, not allowing a muscle to quiver. Trying to force her version of the truth into his brain. Morgead blinked and looked away. Jez allowed herself to relax minutely. She had one advantage over Morgead; there was no way he could even imagine her real motives. She just hoped he wouldn't discern the human flavor to her blood. ‘If you won't tell me, I give up.† He shrugged. â€Å"So, fine. If that's the way you want it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It is.† â€Å"Whatever.† He turned back to her and reached for her shoulders. A new shock rocked Jez. Morgead never hesitated once he made up his mind, but this was a little unnerving. His grip was a bit too firm and authoritative; Jez felt out of control. And how am I going to shield myself? she thought wildly, clamping down on a new wave of fear. He's already a powerful telepath and sharing blood increases rapport How am I supposed to block that-? Everything was happening too fast; she didn't have time to plan or think. All she could do was try not to panic as Morgead drew her close. Jerk†¦ he's had too much experience at this, part of her thought furiously. At subduing any kind of prey. At gentling scared girls-human girls. He was holding her lightly and precisely; he was tilting her chin back. Jez shut her eyes and tried to blank her mind. And now she could feel the warmth of his face near her skin; she could feel his breath on her throat. She knew his canine teeth were extending, lengthening, thinning to needle points. She tried to control her breathing. She felt a swathe of warmth as he licked her throat once, and then a pain that made her own teeth ache. His teeth had pierced her skin, sharp as obsidian. Then the release of blood flowing. Her life, spilling out The instinctive twinge of fear Jez felt had nothing to do with him invading her mind. No vampire liked to make this kind of submission. Letting someone drink your blood meant you were weaker, it meant you were willingly making yourself prey. Everything inside Jez protested at just relaxing and letting Morgead do this. And maybe that was the answer, she thought suddenly. A wall of turmoil to cover her thoughts. Pretend to be too agitated to let him make contact. †¦ But his lips were surprisingly soft on her throat, and the pain was gone, and he was holding her more like a lover than like a predator. She could feel his mind all around her, strong, demanding. He wasn't trying to hurt her. He was trying to make it not-terrible for her. But I want it to be terrible. I don't want to feel like this†¦. It didn't matter. She felt as if she were being pulled by a swift current, dragged and tumbled into some place she had never been before. Sparkling lights danced behind her closed eyelids. Electricity crackled through her body. And then she felt his mouth moving gently on her throat, and the world fell away†¦.

Air Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Air Pollution - Essay Example As urbanization and industrialization continued to elevate, the rate of release of wastes into the atmosphere by the humans elevated to a level that nature could no longer cope with it. From that time air, pollution has elevates to a higher level because of pollution from the industrial, home and commercial sources. Since these sources are mainly found in the large cities, the air that surrounds them is usually having a high concentration of pollutant gases. When these concentrated gases go beyond the secure limits, then that is the time when they suit a pollution trouble. The graph below is an instance of the way the level of air pollution elevates.Air pollution results from various causes most of which are preventable. Smog that hangs in the atmospheres surrounding the cities is the most common air pollution form. However, there are different causes of this pollution. These pollutions cause elevate global warming. An instance via which air pollution causes global warming is when su rplus carbon dioxide goes into the air, and it depletes the ozone layer. Moreover, carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, is considered the chief pollutant of Earth warming. Despite the living things emitting carbon dioxide during breathing this gas is in most situations considered a pollutant when industries, power plants, vehicles, and planes produce it. In the current years, these activities have injected much carbon dioxide to the atmosphere thereby raising it levels to a higher rate than it had been thousands of years ago.

Education goes global Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Education goes global - Coursework Example In order to reach to the target market, LSFB will use advertisements, personal communications and exhibitions. The key objectives for LSFB in Africa include enhancing the market share in order to augment the number of students served by it, to enhance the brand value, to increase the revenue and to enlarge the number of campuses in the education segment of Africa. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Situation Analysis 4 Company and a Case Study Background Analysis 4 Customer Segmentation and Analysis 4 Competitor Analysis 7 Collaborators 8 Climate 8 PESTLE Analysis 8 SWOT Analysis 9 Conversion Strategy 10 Matching 10 SMART Marketing Objectives and Objectives for Going International 10 SMART Marketing Objectives 10 Marketing Mix Strategies and Tactics 11 Conclusion 14 References 15 Situation Analysis Company and a Case Study Background Analysis London School of Business and Finance (LSBF) has developed an ethos which facilitates the students to learn, nurture as well as attain overa ll success in their future life. The goal of the organisation is to be a distinctive choice by the global students as one of the most creative as well as ambitious destinations. The focus of the organisation is to endeavour for excellence as well as it trusts in the principle of education through different types of innovative industry relevant programmes for providing academic, professional as well as personal success in life of the global students. In relation to culture, the organisation is focused in both vital constituents such as educational as well as technological perspectives. With regard to educational culture, the organisation is confident on ascertaining continuous research for growing rapidly as a thinking community. Apparent strengths of LSBF include its excellent academic reputation through state-of-the-art academic facility along with collaborating and monitoring the global students. In terms of weakness, it can be said that oversight for designing of requisite progra mmes at times creates inadequate understanding for the students. With regard to market share as well as organisational size, LSBF has spread its strong foothold in more than 150 countries which has influenced above 25,000 international students and it also provides 120,000 online programmes on various academic segments [1] (London School of Business & Finance, 2013). Customer Segmentation and Analysis Market segmentation includes dividing the market of possible customers into similar subgroups. Segmentation is a vital aspect because it helps to target those customers who fit best with the organisational objectives. In other words, LSBF needs to segment the market of potential candidates into subgroups (Kusakci, 2010). There are several ways through which an organisation can segment the market such as behavioural, demographic and psychographic. With respect to LSBF, demographic segmentation will be followed. Demographic segmentation involves dividing the market into gender, age, inco me and occupation among others (Martins, 2003). The potential customers for LSBF would be high school students as they would further be enrolled in studying business or finance courses. Based on the data of UNESCO Institute for Statistics, in the year 2007, about 761090 students had been enrolled in higher education in public schools of Africa, representing 1.6% of entire population. Most of the students who enrol into higher education belong to the age

Identify strategic success factors for Infosys Tech Consulting & how Essay

Identify strategic success factors for Infosys Tech Consulting & how these conform to B2B marketing theories or concepts - Essay Example As such, the company is focused on empowering its clients to become more competitive and profitable. However, it is worth noting that the company has risen to command great success in the global market within the IT and consulting industry. This paper therefore is focused on evaluating on the strategic factors that have to the great success that the company enjoys. Special attention will be focused on the company’s business model, products/service branding, business relations, business segmentation as well as business internal organization (Mantrala, Sridhar and Xiaodan 2012, P. 169-174). The practices of maintaining adopted effective technological advancement in the current generation does not warrant success in business operations. On the contrary, the capacity for a trading company to keep in pace with the evolving and new developments in technology and IT services would be considered prerequisite to success in trade within the 21st century. The Infosys Tech Consulting has adopted this policy where it has adopted business perspective of operations as against the perspective of technical solution. The company prides in capacity to deliver results and the success is built on key priorities, which are technology, customer value, commitment, industrial alliance as well as technical expertise among others. Technology is viewed as an enabler as against the driver in the operations of the company. The company gives priority to understanding the clients’ needs and thus prioritizes in adding value to the client’s businesses. The company adopts robust methodologies as are most suitable in suiting client cultures as well as requirements. Besides, the company runs under a commitment to developing and maintaining long-term relations with the clients. Moreover, the company enjoys long term experience in the industry hence has outstanding technical expertise to design and formulate effective solutions suitable to the needs of their clients. The company

How Convincing Is Porter's Model of National Competitive Advantage in Essay

How Convincing Is Porter's Model of National Competitive Advantage in Explaining the Workings and Achievements of Major Nation - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that international competitiveness of different countries is a great concern on governments and organizations. Countries do their best in order to ensure that they remain competitive in the international market. The interest on the competitiveness of countries has led to debates on the understanding and the true meaning of the international competitiveness of different countries. The purpose for the debates is due to the assumptions that underlie the theories of management that the competitiveness of firms may be transferred to countries. This was popularized by porter according to his diamond framework. Corporate strategies should be looked at from a global context. In spite of any given organization not having any plans of exporting or importing any goods directly. The management team of the organization is supposed to consider the international environments. This is because the action that the different organizations make on such issues as the competitors, sellers, buyers, substitute providers and the persons joining the market usually have a great influence on the domestic market. Michael Porter came up with a model that may be used to analyze the reasons as to why some nations may be more competitive compared to others and some given industries may be more competitive within a nation compared to others. This model may be used as a factor of determining national advantage and it is mostly referred to as the Porter’s diamond. The model suggests that an organizations national home base plays a great role in defining the extent that the organization is likely to be successful in the global scale as well as having a competitive advantage. The home base is able to provide some basic factors that may act as support for success and may at time hinder some organizations in building advantage grounds in a global competition. This model distinguishes four different determinants. The first determinant is the factor co ndition. This is the situation in a given country based on the factors of production such as infrastructure and skilled labor which may be relevant to make the country competitive in some industries. These factors may be placed in groups that include human resources, material resources, knowledge resource, infrastructure and capital resources. These factors also include research quality done by universities, liquidity of the national stock market or deregulation of the labor market. These factors may provide some advantage in the market and may act as a competitive advantage. The second condition is the home demand conditions. This condition describes the amount of home demand that the services and products produced in a given country are demanded within the country. The demand at home may influence the factor conditions. It helps shape the direction that the product development and innovation take. This model states that the demand within a country may shape the competitiveness of the country in the global market. The third condition is the supporting and related industry. When a country has one industry that is successful, it may reinforce internationalization and innovation in the industry at a later stage on the value system. Both the supplying industries and the related industries play a great role in a country’s competitiveness. These industries may coordinate some given activities together in the market, especially those that are related, which will in turn offer competitive advantages. The last condition is the structure, strategy and rivalry of the firm. In different nations, some factors such as management structures, interaction between companies and working morale may be shaped differently. This may provide some disadvantages and advantages for particular industries.

Chinese martial arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Chinese martial arts - Essay Example Conclusively, these arts have a significant role in the lives of those who practice them. Understanding these important roles has seen the Chinese martial arts become more popular among people of other cultures, which has ultimately led to their adoption across the world and integration into the cultural settings of non-Chinese populations. In particular, they are seemingly centered upon improving the physical strength and adaptability of the individual, enhancing muscular formation and keeping the body fit and flexible. As the influence of the Chinese spreads around the world, Chinese martial arts have found new homes across the many places where the Chinese have settled either temporarily or permanently. The beauty of the martial arts coupled with their health benefits has seen them penetrate the Western culture, where some of the acts are changed to suit the local cultures. However, many more of the martial arts practices have remained in their original form. Several aspects of the Chinese culture and traditions are reflected through martial arts, largely taken loosely in the outside world to be Kung Fu, but which is indeed a misconception of Chinese terms by foreigners. Such attempts to try and interpret the traditional Chinese cultural aspects to more understandable standards for the outside world indicate their growing influence and popularity globally. However, they have remained distinctively unique to the inventors and partly vague to the outside world. As noted by Theeboom and Vertoghen, more cultural aspects of the Chinese are captured by their exercising the martial arts than any onlooker from a non-Chinese community would notice.1 This highlights the fact that understanding the cultural values embedded in Kung Fu requires a vast understanding of the Chinese culture. From here we mark our journey of investigating what martial arts stand for in contemporary China. Translated into its component words, the phrase martial arts in Chinese

How has religion impacted American society Term Paper

How has religion impacted American society - Term Paper Example This assignment explains the significance of religion and the way it can impact various components of a society be it culture, education, politics or economics. The areas that are significantly under consideration in this paper are education and culture.Talking about the developed countries, it has been observed that America is most religious as far as the demographics is concerned. In 2002, a survey was conducted which revealed that citizens considered religion as a very important part of their lives and it was an area which was given high respect and priority. An attitude similar to this was also observed in America’s neighboring country; Latin America. To study the impact of religion on American culture, it is necessary to understand the meaning of both the terms and the relationship between them. Religion is a system of principles through which individuals identify their existence and base their explanations of the universe and the natural occurrence that are linked with i t. Culture is a set of methods, values and norms that are adopted and practiced by people in a society which are also transferred form one generation to the other. In America there is not a universal religion, a number of religions which include; Christianity, no religion, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Baha’i Faith. All the religions have had their respective impacts on the American culture. A few of them will be discussed here. The religion that is practiced by majority of the Americans is Christianity which further branches out into more sects that are considered to be a part of Christianity. Christianity pays emphasis on compassion, in the light of this teaching; individuals make attempts to help the needy and to assuage distress of the troubled ones. Donations are paid in higher amounts and in case of disasters, every individual rushes to help their virtual brothers. Christianity has also discouraged homosexual relationships and has put a stop to them wh ich has ultimately affected the family life and husband wife relationship in a positive way. (David, 89) Islam has also been rated as the fastest growing religion in America. It started after the African Muslims arrived here and immediately formed a community of their own named as Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. American culture has experienced a relative difference since the emergence of Islam which encompasses building of mosques, formation of political and donation organizations and other Islamic practices. The Muslims have immigrated to America in large numbers especially in the year 2005 which has significantly affected the culture in a way that Muslims equally take part in the educational matters. Islam discourages the ideological perception of granting superiority to a particular race and gives equal status to mankind including slaves. This has encouraged slaves particularly to enter into Islam empowering them in the wake. Impact of Religion on Education in America Maintaining a balance between education and religion has emerged as a dilemma and persistent problem in America. Arguments and discussions have been held to ponder over the problem of right placement of religious education in the course outline. The two parties involved in this battle are religious conventional, secularists and liberals. The former demands religion to be included in the basic public education whereas the latter thinks it is a private issue and should not be confused with worldly education. However the importance and impact of religion cannot be ignored. The teachings of religion gave a new prospect to the human life. As far as the Greeks were concerned, they emphasized on the human mind whereas Christianity showed man his soul. The benefits and impact of religion on American education can be better understood if compared

Documentary Cinema Response Journals Movie Review

Documentary Cinema Response Journals - Movie Review Example Glass (1958) was a short documentary film of the Netherlands, which was directed by Bert Haanstra who was a Dutch director.The main plot of the film surrounded the glass industry of Netherlands. The film was allowed its viewers to reciprocate with handmade crystals of Dutch society, in contrary to the machine made a portion of Royal Leerdam Glass Factory with automated machines that facilitated bottle making. Haanstra’s strong stylistic interventions depicted the film through a polemical space. He has used essential origins of film language, which includes the image, sounds, and montage. My point of view regarding the documentary was largely focused on a diversified range of music jazz to techno. In the short segment of time in this documentary, artisans created various glass goods by their own hands and added up to the mass production of diversified glass product of Netherlands. According to the viewers, this short documentary film often acclaimed to be a perfect short docume ntary that successfully spun around the subject and aligned the overall basic plot of the movie. The House is Black (1962) was an Iranian short documentary film, directed by Forough Farrokhzad. The film reflected on the other side of life and suffering in a leper colony as well as focused on the human condition in reflection to the beauty of creation that has been depicted in the documentary. The director Farrokhzad, used some quotation from the Old Testament, as well as Quran along with her own poetry. This poetic feel gave this film a versatile dimension that was absent in the other similar types of documentary films. The artistic views of the poet also reflected from the unique selection of the name of the film that was aligned with the needs of the subject. The documentary based on the story of the â€Å"Behkadeh Rail colony†. The director has directed only one film throughout her life. Additionally, this particular film has been successful in developing an attention outside Iran, after its release, the film was successfully recognized as a milestone of Iranian film Industry. Many of

Organizational Change and Development Assignment

Organizational Change and Development - Assignment Example This discussion identifies three perspectives, people, approach and method of change implementation at the broader level that impact change management process.  Greek philosopher, Heraclitus, is known to be the first person who touched upon the ‘changing’ nature of the world, in his words, â€Å"you never step into the same river twice,† (Cameron & Green, p.10) and â€Å"all is in flux† (Stetson & Conti, p.29). This concept is equally apt to the world of business with increasing competition, meeting customers’ expectations, and finding new opportunities for growth in business, career and sustaining the competitive edge in the changing markets (McGrath & MacMillan, 2005). Organizations will have to embrace these challenges in order to sustain in the competitive world. In order to achieve their goals, while catering to the changing demands of the industry, organizations adopt strategic changes, appropriate for achieving every single objective. These strategic changes are meant to bring about radical or transformational change to the established ways of working from both organizational and employee perspectives. Nevertheless, bringing about change at the workplace, whether structural, procedural, technological or financial, in order to improve the situation or for better business results entails more efforts than planning the change and its implementation.   The forces that cause organizations to opt for radical transformations could be external such as technological advancements, government regulations, increasing competitiveness, and/or changing demands; and internal such as organizational bureaucracy and complacency.   Usually, implementing change is impacted by factors such as time and investment required; the impact of change on the financial performance of the business; return on investment; an intensity of improvement; and importantly, its impact on the end customers.   At an organizational level, planning for the c hange and change management as a responsibility rests with, or is the function of, specific project management team or division, but its implementation at an organizational level requires the involvement of various, or all, other functions/departments failing which the proposed change itself may fail.   This failure can be disastrous for the organization or business and/or to the people associated with the change and the organization, which includes all stakeholders, i.e. employees, customers, and all shareholders. Therefore, bringing about a change should equally be balanced by the way change is being managed in order to succeed.   Michael Dell believes that companies that learn to manage change are in the best position to continue to take the risks needed to stay out in front (cited Matejka & Murphy, 2005; p.19).

Stereotyping In An Organization Essay Example for Free

Stereotyping In An Organization Essay The fact that people are always judged for their actions and behavior could be one of the biggest problems in an organization. Stereotyping is a fixed notion of people, coming up with their own assumption and judgment even before giving the respective a chance to explain the reason for both their actions and behavior. Stereotyping is a closure in which each individual blocks the opportunities of what people really are. People often take in all the information they feel most comfortable with and then close up. Thus, stereotypes are formed. There are many different kinds of stereotype that can go round in an organization. Such as gender, sex, status, etc. All these are formed because people are not open-minded enough to accept the fact that all human beings are different in their own way. There are still organizations that possess high masculinity in this generation where the men have more mobility compared to the women. In such an organization, they do not believe that women are capable of performing as well as men in the same task. Thus, women are not given the equal opportunity to excel. Yet, what these organizations have failed to understand is that, both the male and the female have their own good points in their work ethic. Research shows that men are more assertive, women are more cooperative; men are focused, specific and logical, women are holistic, organic and wide-angle. However before they come to a realization, the women would have already left the organization due to feeling taken advantage of and unfairne ss. Another very common stereotype, which is found not only in organizations but also in the society, would be sexual orientation. Up till today, gays are still constantly being judged in our society when they actually make up 11% of the world’s population and are still growing. The few reasons why people discriminate against gays is because they do not understand why they choose to behave this way and they feel ashamed. Despite that, neither do they give the gays a chance to explain their actions and behavior thus they just choose to make an assumption of their own and put them down because they are â€Å"different†. However, there are some countries that actually legalize gay marriages and are at the advantage because the gays would definitely move there as they have found a place that accepts them for who they really are without being judged. For organizations to be successful, they have to learn how to be more open-minded about such sensitive issues. They must be able to accept and deal with diversity. Respecting an individual for who they are is very important for relationship bonding as it promotes trust that will definitely result in better teamwork. Research Question: How much influence does stereotyping have on an organization? Research Objectives: * To find out the many different types of stereotypes that can be found in an organization. * To determine the cause of stereotyping and how they are linked to the success of an organization. * To identify ways to reduce stereotyping and how to motivate employees. Getting information from the people on the job has always been the best way for overcoming a problem as it all starts from them. Therefore getting feedback is important. Firstly, managers can occasionally conduct meetings with their employees and have them voice out their unhappiness. Secondly, managers must try to understand the reasons for their employees’ unhappiness so as to be able to work on them. Lastly, the organization must be able to present their employees with benefits that can motivate them to work harder. References: 1. Juliet Andrews, 2010, Stereotypes in the workplace and a test that shows you are not innocent, http://www.couriermail.com.au/business/business/stereotypes-in-the-workplace-and-a-test-that-shows-you-are-not-innocent/story-e6freqo6-1225861554141. [18 Feb. 2012] 2. Brian Amble, 2005, Gender stereotypes block womens advancement, http://www.management-issues.com/2006/8/24/research/gender-stereotypes-block-

Advertising Coca Cola And Mcdonalds In Russia

Advertising Coca Cola And Mcdonalds In Russia Coke has been in operation for a long time and throughout this period, from as early as 1886, it has been very prosperous in its operations and market share acquisition. It was discovered by a curious pharmacist who on one evening mixed some few chemicals and took the mixture down to a friends chemist where it was mixed with carbonated water and some few customers sampled it, and upon tasting the mixture, they were delighted with the new creation and there and then, they pontificated it as a superior and novel drink that had not been seen before (Associated Press 2). A closely similar story is what McDonalds has been. This paper describes these two companies with the view of analyzing the different aspects of their operation and discusses unique cultures that they have that make them eccentric in their respective niche markets. Five cents a glass is the price that was charged for the drink which was sold in a chemist. Pemberton, who was the founders friends book keeper named the drink coca cola which is how the drink is known ever since then. It was received relatively slower in the market when it was introduced as only glasses were sold by Pemberton. Through the period of 1888-1891, businessman Assa Griggs Candler acquired the rights to the drink for a total of $2,300 (Pendergrast 47) and this made him the first president for the company who is on record to have creatively and ingeniously developed and popularized the companys vision. Candler who is characterized as a naturally born salesman identified the large market of the thirsty market and oversaw his drink quenching their thirst. He transformed Coca-Cola from a mere drink to a fully grown company. By 1985 Candler had already established a syrup firm in Chicago, Dallas and Los Angeles. The drink was first packed into bottles by Mississippi business man Joseph Beidenharn. He sent 12 Samples to Candler who embraced the idea with enthusiasm. This dream was not realized until 1899 when two lawyers, Thomas Benjamin and Whitehead Joseph acquired the full rights to bottle and sell the beverage for only one dollar per bottle (BBC News 2). The Coca-Cola Company exists to provided refreshment, joy and quenching of thirst to its customers. It functions under a company called Coca-Cola Hellenic in the Russian region. The company first ventured into Russia in 2001. Coca-Cola Hellenic is based in Moscow and has 14 bottling branches scattered all over the country. It has an employee capacity of 10,000 and indirectly supports 5-10 times its supply chain making it one of the largest non-alcoholic beverages companies in the region (Lundy 23). The companys notable increased operations are traced back to 2005 when the Coca-Cola Company and the Coca-Cola Hellenic acquired Multon on a 50/50 ratio. The company has gradually built a strong business in Russia owing it to its diverse international premium brand and its extensive sale and distribution chain and Russia is considered as a high potential market (Mikkelson David 15). Given the increasingly complexity of the market Coca-Cola Hellenic Russia operates in, it has to adjust its business approach to meet the demand in the market. The company implemented a new strategic plan in 2006 as a way of ensuring business services offered met the consumers expectations. Basically the company is building a powerful route-to-market system and a strong partnership with its consumers to ensure that their sales in the market place are what is needed by the consumers. Coca-Cola Hellenic deals with merchandising equipment to offer consumers their right products that they want (Munizi 36). Consumers have different tastes and preferences considering their society and location. The Coca-Cola Hellenic company is adjusting to this preference so that it can provide the appropriate marketing activities and beverages to suit and connect the consumers. The Coca-Colas think locally, act locally marketing strategy allows it to fit into the market and determine the local market demands and determine how to understand and satisfy the demands of their target consumers (Murden 53). Coca-Cola advertisements have revolutionized the world of advertisings. Most of their advertisements are rooted in the image of a red Santa clause. The company began using the figure of Santa Clause in the year 1930 making it the first soft drink company to use that figure in the history of advertisement (Michaelssssss, 1). Before the thought of using Santa Clause, Coca-Cola depended on the use of smartly dressed young ladies to sell their beverages. In the year 1941 the company developed its official trademark nick name coke, this was followed by a series of advertisement aimed at informing the consumer that coke was coca-cola. Coca-Colas advertisements are pervasive and their main goal is to ensure that everybody on planet earth drinks coke as their preferred beverage. Most of Coca-Colas memorable advertisements were written by former Atlanta radio presenter Don Naylor during his span as a producer at McCann Erickson Advertising Agency. Most of the ancient coke advertisements featured musicians, movie personalities and sports icons (Pendergrast 34). Cola wars happened in the 1980s when Coca-Cola and Pepsi were fighting for a larger market share. Coca-Cola ran a number of advertisements to try and combat Pepsi and ended up tarnishing the image of Pepsi. In one of Coca-Colas advertisement, Coca-Cola compared the challenge that was posed by Pepsi to two chimpanzees that were deciding on which tennis ball that they had was furrier (Mohamed, 2). The wars later ended and Coca-Cola took back its popularity. In 1992 the Coca-Cola Company bought Colombia pictures and started using movies to advertise their brands. This was archived through inserting images of its products in most of the movies they produced. Coca-Cola has had two slogans since its introduction in Russia which are: à Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒâ€˜Ã‚ Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒ Ã‚ ³Ãƒ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ Ã‚ °CocaCola (1993-2009, which means Always Coca-Cola) and Coca-Cola à Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ à Ã‚ ² à Ã‚ ´Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ¼! (2010, which means Coca-Cola is going to the house!). Coca-Cola mainly uses the above lines for its advertisement and preferred using the media rather than personal encounters. One such advertisement is The Holidays are Coming which is characterized by a train of red delivery trucks covered in the name coke and decorated with lights all round. As the train moves on a snowy terrain it lights up for people to see as they pass. The advertisement was produced in the U.S by Doner Advertising Agency and it was also used as the companys worldwide campaign for many years (Smith 32). Coca-Cola has also designed a new way to advertise through sports. It began the spirit of sponsoring the Olympics back in 1928 Olympics which were held in Amsterdam and has continued sponsoring sports ever since. The Olympics games command a very large crowd of people which is what coke needed. The concept behind sponsoring the Olympics was that Coca-Cola products would be on display to a very large crowd of people simultaneously which was a very good advertisement strategy for coke. Coca-Cola has also been associated with the Fifa world cup and has been one of Fifas biggest sponsors since 1978. It is also the main soft drink for many collegiate teams in Russia and elsewhere (Watson 56). Coca-Cola Hellenic can be termed as one of the most successful businesses to advertise in the video world or above the line advertisement. All of its advertisements have taken the market with a storm and have generated a very high response. At one point consumers asked for the advertisement labeled, The Holidays are Coming, to be re-ran during the approach of Christmas holidays. This proves that the company has been successful in relaying its concept to the mass public. Due to the success of Coca-Cola video advertisements many books have picked its case up to be used a case study in many educational institutions (Watson 100). McDonalds Restaurants Another company that has made a very significant success in the field of video advertising is McDonalds. It is a company that deals in hamburger and fast foods where it serves well over 58 million customers on a daily basis. Its restaurants and stores are operated be either a franchisee, a given affiliate or by the corporation itself (Naruto 76). McDonalds basically sells Cheeseburgers, hamburger, chicken products, French fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, shakes and dessert (Quidoo 65). Due to the rising cases of obesity in the western Nations and general criticism of lack of healthy meals, the company has been forced to edit its menu and squeeze in some healthier items such as salads, wraps, and fruits. McDonalds fast food came into existence in 1940 when two Brothers, Richard and Maurice McDonald decided to open a restaurant in San Bernardino, California. These brothers are also responsible in bringing into existence the idea of fast food joints used in day-to-day life through a system they introduced called Spedee fast service . McDonalds first applied for U.S trade mark on the name McDonalds on May 4th 1961 with the slogan Driver-in Restaurant Services. McDonalds filled for a logo trademark using the symbol of M which is overlapping. The logo was later changed on September 6th 1962 to a single arch shaped M. The first McDonald restaurants were opened in United States, Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, Japan, The Netherlands, Germany, Australia, France, El-Salvador, and Sweden in the order of opening (Tuner 206). The company entered into the public stock exchange in 1955 where Ray Kroc purchased the McDonalds Equity and led the company to venture worldwide. The McDonalds argued about the control of the company with Kroc as is documented in the autobiography of Kroc and that of the McDonalds where it was thought to have been a good thing for the company and due to its level of prominence it has become a topic of many public debates. McDonalds restaurants are fou nd in 119 countries and operate 31,000 restaurants in these countries. McDonalds also runs other joints such as pile cafà © Most McDonalds offer both on counter services or drive through services with indoor and at times outdoor serving. In order to inhabit the new trends of quality coffee the McDonalds was compelled to start McCafe as an accompaniment to McDrive. The company earns money through investments in properties, franchise of restaurants and managing restaurants. Around 15% of McDonalds managed by the McDonalds Corporation are owned directly by the McDonalds Corporation (Berger 121). As a renowned fast food corporation McDonalds is frequently under criticism for its menu, its expansion and its business practices. In a form of counter attack McDonalds has sought to add healthier foods to its menu and has even designed a new slogan to its recruitment posters which is Not for a Bad McJob. In 2007 the company launched an advertisement campaign with the slogan Would You Like a Career With That on Irish television outlining that their business had many prospects (Caro 1). McDonalds advertises in many ways apart from only video advertisements. They first begin with handling the companys publicity. This is accomplished through several ways one of which is captured in this quote: In April 2008 the Corporation announced that 11 of their Sheffield were operating under biomass under trial and this had cut its waste and carbon emission footprints by half in the area. In this trial waste from the restaurants was collected by Veolia environmental services and was recycled in a plant to produce energy for the restaurants (Grimes 122 123). In Europe McDonalds has been recycling vegetable waste into diesel that is used to fuel trucks. The United States has also commended McDonalds for its continuous efforts towards reducing solid waste by coming up with more efficient packaging products and promotion of recycled products. All these efforts are driven towards promoting a solid and creditable publicity. The theory here is that if the company does give back to the community then the community will recognize its efforts and the community will be more acquainted with the company hence increasing its market prominence percentagewise (Watson 210). McDonalds has for its lifespan had a very antic and extensive way of advertisement campaign. Majorly the company advertises through media that is T.V, Radio and e- advertising but aside from that the corporation also makes use of billboards and signage. Sponsoring sports events ranging from little leagues to the Olympics is also a way that the corporation is designing for its advertisement benefits just like its fellow company Coca-Cola. The company also advertises through making of products that bear the companys logo to operate in various events. Nevertheless television still remains their major mode of advertisement for McDonalds (Orozco Quintanilla 87). Children represent a great part of television viewers and are also a great deal of audience. Advertisers do not only know that children are easily swayed by advertisements but they also know that children have the ability to pursued grown-ups to purchase stuff of their (childrens) preference. If a child spots something and wants it he becomes disturbingly persistent and annoying to the parent and in most cases, obliges his/her parent into buying what he/she (the child) wants. This is one fact that McDonalds knows and has delved fully into its exploitation for its business growth. At one specific point McDonalds advised employees to specifically focus on kids in an advertisement labeled; Kids Are Stars. The employees were advised to pay extra attention to children eating at the restaurant in order to make sure that they had a positive view of the restaurant as they ate. This campaign was one of the most successful advertisement strategy McDonalds had ever come up with but was stopped due to criticism that it was immoral to use children as advertisement props (Orozco Quintanilla 90). Summary of the Analysis of the two Companies The overview that has just been made shows how these two great companies have utilized a great deal of advertisement in order to increase their respective audience market. These companies have some few similar methods of advertising. For instance the Coca-Cola advertisement comprising of a train was mainly targeted at affecting the child audience as is similar with McDonalds advertisement dubbed Kids Are Stars signifying that the two companies have identified that children are a viable target audience (Whyte Lauridsen 45). These companies also focus on giving back to the community in order to increase their publicity through elaborate and effective Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives. Still both of these companies extend their advertisement strategy to the play ground by acting as key sponsors of major and notable sports events like the Olympics (Murden 56). This notwithstanding, Coca-Cola and McDonalds do differ in their advertisement strategies in some ways. One way is that McDonalds only ventures into sponsorship of small sports events whereas Coca-Cola Majorly deals with promotion of sports of a higher caliber. McDonalds also produces adverts that are used by all the companys branches as compared to Coca-Cola that prefers that each region produces its own advertisement style according to the nature of the area it is located in. These two companies can be used to signify the power that advertisement holds.

Analyzing Mass Media And Popular Culture English Language Essay

Analyzing Mass Media And Popular Culture English Language Essay Data Workshop 1 Analyzing Mass Media and Popular Culture: Theories of Celebrity Gossip Although many can dismiss celebrity blogs such as www.perezhilton.com and www.wwtdd.com as frivolous and mean, the popularity and prevalence of these websites have a considerable social impact on our world today. For this Data Workshop, you will be analyzing entries in a celebrity blog, using one of the three major social paradigms. Step 1: Collecting Data Choose a celebrity blog and pick five entries. Scrutinize the pictures, read the headlines and text carefully, and review the reader comments. Step 2: Thinking about and Analyzing the Data For the five entries that you have selected, answer the following questions from each of sociologys three major theoretical perspectives. Later, use your data-collection form to write a one page essay summarizing the differences in the theories and their value as a sociological analyst. Compare what you observed to what the textbook says in Ch 1. DATA-COLLECTION FORM FOR THEORIES OF CELEBRITY GOSSIP Data Workshop 1 1. Structural Functionalist Theory: What is the function (or functions) of celebrity gossip blogs for society? What purpose(s) do they serve, and how do they help society maintain stability and order? Do celebrity gossip blogs have manifest and latent functions? Are any dysfunctions built into such publications? 2. Social Conflict Theory: What forms of inequality are revealed in celebrity gossip blogs? In particular, what do celebrity gossip blogs have to say about gender, race, and class inequalities? Who suffers and who benefits from the publication of celebrity gossip blogs? 3. Symbolic Interactionist Theory: What do celebrity gossip blogs mean to society as a whole? What do they mean to individual members of society? Can they have different meanings for different individuals or groups of individuals? How do those meanings get constructed in interaction? And how do celebrity gossip blogs shape and influence our everyday lives? -1 Kim Kardashian is good at twitter 53166_kim_kardashian_at_photoshoot_twitpics_01_123_391lo Kim Kardashian doesnt really do anything of course, but before this our famous celebrities who didnt really do anything were fug whores like Paris Hilton and Nicole Richie. Remember that? What the hell was that all about? So at least Kim is hot, and goes on  her twitter  and posts pics of her kick ass rack. The only way to get even more intimate pictures of Kim is to be black. Comments: Talked ab poop. Said she isnt preggo, hated on blk ppl -2 Rihanna got a new haircut Rihanna By all accounts Rihanna (seen here last night at a Clippers game in LA) is a perfectly nice woman and everyone seems to like and shes a good singer, but very obviously her new bang haircut sucks. If this were  American Idol, these pictures would be turned into a montage with that So You Had a Bad Day song playing over it. Comments: talk ab it being fake, a wig 3 Gwyneth Paltrow has advice for other working moms 56852284 I know some people who have worked with Gwyneth Paltrow and they say shes delightful but that seems impossible to believe. Because shes a complete cunt, delusional and arrogant beyond all comprehension. The latest proof:  on her website GOOP, Paltrow, who is worth 90 million dollars and got married in a castle, has advice for other extremely busy working mothers. Yes that said other. Because thats what she considers herself. And just like all working moms, after she drops her kids at schoolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Did dance aerobics for 45 minutes then all of the butt lifts and the like. Rushed upstairs to have a shower, doing my post workout stretch while the conditioner was doing its magic on my hair to combine activities/save time. Dressed quickly and rushed downstairs. Her day is essentially filled with stuff like that. The stuff that real working moms do when not at work or being a mom. The stuff they have to squeeze into one hour on the weekend is Paltrows entire life, but shes here to tell them how to do it. Because they dont know. They need tips from Gwyneth Paltrow. Im honestly shocked that she isnt punched in the face at least once every time she leaves the house. 4 Kate Beckinsale is in a bikini SPL240191_003 Kate Beckinsale is down in Mexico this weekend, and unlike the hags at the Golden Globes she looked fantastic in this bikini, and I think thats the same place where Jennifer Aniston is always going. I can see why she likes it. Its basically a rock and theres lots of empty space. Just like her womb. 5 Eva Longoria at the Golden Globes Eva Longoria Eva Longoria at least tried to look sexy for last nights Golden Globe awards, but her depressing tits are useless and so it didnt work. This is one of the most boring and unsexy periods I can ever think of in Hollywood. No one ever wears anything good, and most of the big stars are either not pretty or not pretty anymore. About the most positive thing I can say is that theres room for improvement everywhere. You could find hotter girls putting ads on craiglist asking for you to come rape them. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1.What is the function (or functions) of celebrity gossip blogs for society? To make fun of people, to show off the latest/ or not so latest trends, to spread gossip/info What purpose(s) do they serve, and how do they help society maintain stability and order? They serve as entertainment purpose/news/ way to spread info- help society maintain order by letting ppl know what is in/not in what to do/not do- Do celebrity gossip blogs have manifest and latent functions? Find something from bookPos effect on society-possibly could help spread trends/ show who is/isnt role models Are any dysfunctions built into such publications? Bad-neg affect, more so thatn manifest latent, gossip is bad- demeaning to persons self confidence- shows bad role models- more mature content 2. What forms of inequality are revealed in celebrity gossip blogs? First one talks ab her obsession with blk ppl, ( only blk can see more pics)-what celebritys have that most common ppl can not do/ or afford to have In particular, what do celebrity gossip blogs have to say about gender, race, and class inequalities? Blk ppl thing- class the mother issue, females- sexy hot whores Who suffers and who benefits from the publication of celebrity gossip blogs? everyone suffers from these blogs, the ppl who are wrote ab suffer bc it degrades self image, children suffer from bad role models Benefit- writer bc so many read them, if decent blog then the readers celebrities could benefit 3. What do celebrity gossip blogs mean to society as a whole? Past time- way to spread info- teach what is not cool/cool What do they mean to individual members of society? Back to the benefit/suffer part Kids are hurt by this, adults are humored by this, celebrity can be degraded by this Can they have different meanings for different individuals or groups of individuals? Yes they do How do those meanings get constructed in interaction? And how do celebrity gossip blogs shape and influence our everyday lives?back to #1 Info from book Pg 11- theoretical approach: roadmaps that connect basic image of society with research Structional functional approach- repeat behavior that affects the viewers pg 12 Pg 12- this approach was to keep ppl unified Pg 12- social dysfunction:social pattern that disturbs Pg 13- social conflict: inequality building up over time Theoretical Perspectives in Blogs From analyzing celebrity blogs we can learn a lot more than the latest gossip. The celebrity blogs provide great insight in the differences between sociologys three major theoretical perspectives. The celebrity blog that I reviewed had great examples of the structural functionalist theory, social conflict theory, and the symbolic internationalist theory that compared nicely to the books definition of each, but still had some different points. First I examined how the structural functionalist theory appeared in the blog. As known by the definition given by the text book the structural functionalist theory is a theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability (page 11). One of the major differences I noticed between how the blog portrayed this theory from how the book described this theory is the stability. I did not notice any of the different blog entries or any of the celebrities that appeared in the blog entries to work together to provide stability in todays society, if anything I noticed the celebrities all behaving in different manners that disturbed the stability of the blog. While the book describes social structure as ..gives our lives shape in families, the work place, or the college classroom, ( page 12). A similarity I noticed was how the book explained how manifest and latent functions are a part of the structural-functional approach, and you could see each function within the blog. Manifest functions could be recognized from the comments to each of the blogs, the readers adjusted their thoughts and actions based on the blogs that they read. Secondly, the social conflict theory appeared inside the blog and the book. By definition the social conflict approach is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change. (page 13) Overall throughout each blog I examined I saw issues of race, sex, and social classes. The blog that discussed Kim Kardashian was full of issues of race and sex from the main picture to the response. Her risquà © picture provided conflict for the other women viewers who saw it, but the males tended to enjoy it more. Also an issue of race was brought up when the writer of the blog mentioned that you have to be black to get more pictures of Kim. A quote like this could create an issue between all races who read the comment. Thirdly, the symbolic interaction theory that is defined as society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals. ( page 15) appears inside the blogs entries. The blog gives viewers the opportunity to express their feelings and allow them to interact with others. Also the blog purpose of a blog is to collect data and distribute it to followers, this data can be gossip, news, latest trends, or basically anything. Some of the information can play a positive or negative affect based on the type of reader. The book mentions two different levels of symbolic-interaction, macro-level and micro-level, while the blog provides a great example of each. From the macro-level observing from a helicopter level, you can see the broad focus of the blog is celebrities different styles. The micro, or street level focus, you can see how their different styles affect the followers. Each of the three theories, structural-functionalist, social-conflict, and symbolic interaction have the same goal in mind of analyzing how a particular item affects a society, while each theory has its own specific areas. I believe that each theory builds on each other to provide a in-depth analysis, starting from how things work together, to conflicts that arise, even down to how everyday interactions. ( The blog I used was from www.wwtdd.com. The five blogs I chose were Kate Beckinsale is in a bikini Jan. 17, Eva Longoria at the Golden Globes Jan. 17, Kim Kardashian is good at twitter Jan. 14, Rhianna got a new haircut Jan. 13 and Gwyneth Paltrow has advices for other working moms Jan. 13.

consumerism :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is enough food for every person on earth to consume 2500 calories a day, not including fruit or roots. It is odd that despite this fact there is still an overwhelming level of poverty in the world. The wealthiest 20% of the world receive most of the food in the world and spend huge amounts of money to purchase all this food. In order for the elite to live at the standard it does, the majority of the world must go without. Millions starve because the elite prefer death of the hungry to their own inconvenience. This situation is not easily remedied. First, people must begin to understand that they must eat only as much food as they need. Many would argue that they never have any leftovers and that all the food in their house gets eaten with little thrown away. This is good in the sense that food itself is not being wasted, but every American doesn’t need to eat as much food as they do. When a high percentage of people in this country are overweight and most people in third world countries are ghastly underweight and undernourished, then it is apparent that the citizens of this country must consume much less food. After understanding the issue at hand, Americans must then stop eating three to four meals a day and stop stuffing themselves at every meal. This would be hard to accomplish because this would mean making a sacrifice, which the rich already have big problems with, but also because the food-producing corporations would do everything in their power to stop this from happening. There is no market for these corporations in small third-world countries where they may have to sell their products at lower prices and no longer make astronomical profits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On an anti-consumerism website, these chilling statistics are given to show that America and the world’s richest are destroying our planet rapidly. â€Å"The United States, which has 6% of the world's population, uses 30% of the world's energy supply. 20% of the worlds population, (in other words its wealthy consumer class), is responsible for over 50% of its 'greenhouse effect' atmospheric pollutants, 90% of its ozone-depleting CFC gases, 96% of its radioactive waste... and so on â€Å"(enviroweb.org). Many may say that the reason for these embarrassing statistics is because the United States is the largest industrialized nation in the world. consumerism :: essays research papers fc   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is enough food for every person on earth to consume 2500 calories a day, not including fruit or roots. It is odd that despite this fact there is still an overwhelming level of poverty in the world. The wealthiest 20% of the world receive most of the food in the world and spend huge amounts of money to purchase all this food. In order for the elite to live at the standard it does, the majority of the world must go without. Millions starve because the elite prefer death of the hungry to their own inconvenience. This situation is not easily remedied. First, people must begin to understand that they must eat only as much food as they need. Many would argue that they never have any leftovers and that all the food in their house gets eaten with little thrown away. This is good in the sense that food itself is not being wasted, but every American doesn’t need to eat as much food as they do. When a high percentage of people in this country are overweight and most people in third world countries are ghastly underweight and undernourished, then it is apparent that the citizens of this country must consume much less food. After understanding the issue at hand, Americans must then stop eating three to four meals a day and stop stuffing themselves at every meal. This would be hard to accomplish because this would mean making a sacrifice, which the rich already have big problems with, but also because the food-producing corporations would do everything in their power to stop this from happening. There is no market for these corporations in small third-world countries where they may have to sell their products at lower prices and no longer make astronomical profits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On an anti-consumerism website, these chilling statistics are given to show that America and the world’s richest are destroying our planet rapidly. â€Å"The United States, which has 6% of the world's population, uses 30% of the world's energy supply. 20% of the worlds population, (in other words its wealthy consumer class), is responsible for over 50% of its 'greenhouse effect' atmospheric pollutants, 90% of its ozone-depleting CFC gases, 96% of its radioactive waste... and so on â€Å"(enviroweb.org). Many may say that the reason for these embarrassing statistics is because the United States is the largest industrialized nation in the world.

The Mistress in Death of a Salesman Essay example -- Death of a Salesm

The Mistress in Death of a Salesman The mistress, sultry yet sophisticated, played a larger part in the play, Death of A Salesman, than most would imagine. While she does not make an appearance in the play, she does appear in Willy’s remembered time. During his daydreams, she is referred to as â€Å"the woman†. The woman in Death of A Salesman never appears in the play, but has a noteworthy presence because she affects the action, theme, and the development of other characters. As an outcome of having a mistress, Willy’s fragile ego is boosted. For example, while he is on his lengthy business trips, she lavishes him attention and affirmation. Willy’s last name, Loman, gives insight into the fact that many people do not see Willy as a successful man. The woman, on the other hand, does. Furthermore, she tells him that she selected him out of all the salesmen. This makes him feel quite superior to the other salesmen and gives him a higher self-esteem. In addition, she tells him that the next time he came, she would let him go directly through to see the buyers without ha...

Effects of Social Networking

Social networking has become a well-known to all and all in recent years. People are able to meet and make friends, even if they do not know each other. Moreover, they are able to get updates from their loved ones by using social networking sites. Some people are also discussing different important topics on them. They exchange their ideas as well. However, there are several negative effects of social networking sites on our day to day life. People are becoming socially backward by using social networking sites. They do not like to go out to interact with other people.Logging into a community, they intermingled with other people online. They have also replaced the actual procedure of social interaction. Before the invention of these sites, people were keen to go out and meet with other people, but now they sit in front of computers to relate with others. Furthermore, people who are shy in public take advantage of using communal sites. Thinking beyond the social network should be hard for them. These sites are not helping them to overcome their shyness. If they tried to interact with people, they might make it.But because of these sites, they do not even try to do it. Thus social networking sites make people unsocial and socially reluctant. Another effect of community networking is online predators. If someone uploads photos and videos for showing their friends and families, they could be caught by online hunters. Raiders collect photos and videos that are not theirs and misuse them; for example, by creating rumors. These can be displayed for even teenagers and children to see, causing harm. Children and teenagers are becoming addicted watching adult photos and videos.Those predators also follow what you are doing online. Another problem is social networking sites use internet slang. Thus social networking sites are making people morally unhealthy. Finally, the most important effect is people are losing their valuable time, specially the students and officials. Instead of studying, they are playing on different shared interacting sites. A statistic shows that about 68. 4% undergraduate students spend 11 hours per day by chatting and playing games in social networking sites.Furthermore, officials use these sites instead of doing their job. Social networking sites are being banned because of the inefficiency of the workers. Another statistic shows that about 43% American service holders are addicted to facebook. Social networking leads numerous adverse impacts on our life. People are becoming hesitant as they do not go outside to meet people. They are losing their precious time by surfing social networking sites and chatting with others. People are becoming morally corrupted as a result of using jargons and watching uncensored photos and videos.

Mobile Phone and Children

Should children be allowed to own and use mobile phones? Mobile phones keep children safe Mobile phones keep children safer, as it is easier for parents to stay in touch with their children and for children to contact someone in an emergency. Through calls and texts, parents can know where their child is and be reassured that he or she is safe; all the while their children know they are never more than a phone call away from help. As Leslie Sharpe argues, ‘I wanted to ensure that they had a way of contacting me in an emergency’.It is, however, true that some children carrying the most sophisticated or ‘Smart’ phones are more susceptible to being robbed, but thieves are always after something new. Phones now are both much more widespread and security coded, so the benefits to thieves are no longer as great or immediate. Traffic accidents that are the result of children being distracted by their phones while walking across roads should be blamed on bad safety education rather than on the actual phones.Ultimately, mobile phones provide parents and young people with peace of mind and children with a safety net in emergencies, whether calling parents or the emergency services. Children should be comfortable with modern technology Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is now a normal part of modern life, used by everyone from toddlers to pensioners. So children need to grow up making use of technology such as mobile phones if they are to be able to fully participate in contemporary society. The average age at which children get their first mobile phone is eight according to a recent study.To prevent a child from having a mobile phone at that age is to put them at a clear social disadvantage compared with their peers. Mobile phone use develops skills for the modern workplace with its need for tech-savvy employees with communication skills and the ability to work flexibly. In any case, children often have better phone manners than adu lts – they are less likely to shout into the phone, more likely to text discreetly, and more aware of text and phone etiquette. Such manners are the direct consequence of familiarity with the device and an understanding of appropriate use in certain contexts.Mobile phones encourage the development of independence and interpersonal skills Education is as much about the growth in character and dealing with risks as it is the accumulation of knowledge; mobile phones provide for children a means to converse with peers, develop friendships and resolve disputes, all within minutes of each other, night and day. For them, ‘getting a cell phone is a step towards independence and a status symbol among their friends’. The confidence and self-esteem derived from having a mobile phone cannot be underappreciated, as proven by the corresponding negative impact of losing one’s phone.An Independent study in 2004 found that 55 per cent of people cited ‘keeping in touc h with friends or family as the main reason for being wedded to their handsets'. Furthermore, the increasing potential of smart phones facilitates the accessing of information in real-time and on the move; a determined child with a grasp of the potential of their mobile phone can illuminate themselves on matters like directions to destinations, opening times for activities and immediate weather forecasts.With such information, children can begin to reason with each other and make decisions without resort to more mature advice. Schools can implement programs to encourage responsible and considerate mobile phone use All technological platforms have the potential to be abused or act as a negative medium, what is important is that children are taught to use their mobile phones responsibly. Schools should introduce programs and classes that teach children not only how important the devices are to their personal safety, but also how to exploit the advantages of the software.All children w ith sufficiently smart mobile phones should know how to find out where they are at any given time using map functions, and how to use the internet to find information on the go but to be vary of revealing their location to others and possible commercial exploitation of certain location based services. This advice should be taught alongside warnings about the limits of mobile phone technology, ensuring that the children don’t trust them blindly but use them as verification tools or means of starting enquiries.What should emerge is an environment where phones can be used as teaching tools and facilitating social cohesion rather than simply being a distraction in class. There are long-term health risks to mobile phone use Mobile phones are medically safe for children to use – we should ignore scare stories in the media. The latest research has not proved that mobile phones damage brain cells. Ed Yong, head of health information at Cancer Research UK, has been quoted as sa ying ‘the risk of brain cancer is similar in people ho use mobile phones compared to those who don’t, and rates of this cancer (glioma) have not gone up in recent years despite a dramatic rise in phone use during the 1980s’. Furthermore, the European Union’s public health body concluded in 2008 that ‘mobile phone use for less than ten years is not associated with cancer incidence. Regarding longer use, it was deemed difficult to make an estimate’. Even those earlier studies that suggested there might be a problem thought that people would have to use a cell phone for hours a day for there to be an effect.It is true that there is no 100% proof that mobile phones are safe to use, but that is true of any scientific study. Further investigation should be encouraged, but without conclusive proof, the benefits of mobile phone use will continue to far outweigh the costs. Mobile phones are too expensive for children Mobile phones are not too expensive for children – children use pocket money to buy credit and often inherit ‘hand-me-down’ handsets initially. As noted by the opposition, basic models are cheap and the subscription itself is at the mercy of the buyer. Parents can always say â€Å"no† or set limits on what the children can spend.With modern payment plans children can be given a set amount of credit for calls and texts. Learning to work within financial limits is an important part of growing up. In any case, many young people have part-time jobs so they are spending their own money, not their parents and learning to control use and financially managing phone use is a very good skill to learn. Nevertheless, even if it were the case that mobile phones are too expensive, that does not render their ability to keep children safe negligible, for one cannot place a price on a child’s safety. Mobile phones are inappropriate distractions in schoolMobile phones are now a valuable part of studen t life. They can be used for ‘creating short movies, setting homework reminders, recording a teacher reading a poem and timing science experiments’. Moreover, because parents feel their children are safer carrying a phone, they are more likely to allow them to travel to school on their own rather than driving them. This promotes greater independence for the children, while taking traffic off the roads which is environmentally-friendly. Like many other things, mobiles can be distracting in class but this doesn’t mean they should be banned. Many chools allow – some actively encourage – phones to be carried providing they are turned off in lesson. Mobile phones are open to abuse Anything can be abused or used to harm other person, including pencils and paper. New technology carries some risks but we should not be rushed into panic measures. Children got hold of pornography, gambled and bullied each other long before mobile phones were invented. The rel ationship between childhood and new mobile technologies is complex. These problems won’t go away if we ban phone use – they can only be dealt with through good parenting and moral education.In the meantime, parents can get phones which block inappropriate content, and ensure that their children do not have credit cards to pay for it. They should make sure that children know how to report abuse or what to do if they receive inappropriate material on the phone. An American company Disney Mobile is also one of an increasing number of phone makers who ‘provides families with mobile phones specifically designed for tweens, young teens and parents who want to keep an eye on them’. The potential for the abuse of mobile phones is low if parents are informed and vigilant and ensure they buy their children the right phone and right plan.